ADAS, autonomous driving, and sensors: Smart linking begins with smart thinking
Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) and autonomous driving technology are revolutionizing the way we think about cars and transportation. ADAS includes a range of features designed to improve driver safety and convenience, such as automatic emergency braking, lane departure warning, and adaptive cruise control. Autonomous driving technology takes this concept a step further, allowing cars to operate with little or no human intervention. The impact of these technologies on the future of cars is significant, with the potential to revolutionize transportation, reduce accidents, and make travel safer, more efficient, and more convenient than ever before.
By 2025, mid-class cars will be equipped with over 200 sensors to support driver-assistance features that improve safety and comfort, and some electric cars on the road today, such as the Ford Mustang Mach-E, already have autonomous ‘hands off’ self-driving features that have been approved by the DfT. This means the car can pilot itself and the driver can take their hands off the wheel, but they must continue to monitor the car’s progress.
Learn more about regulations surrounding Advanced Driver Assistance Systems, see featured ADAS and sensor products, and read more in our technical articles.
The Rapid Evolution and Expansion of ADAS Technologies
Advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) are technology groups that enhance driving safety. They can include early warning systems and automation. By alerting drivers to potential hazards and employing self-activating systems, they lower the risk of collision.
Automakers are united in their commitment to expanding the use of ADAS systems in the future, as there is no doubting its significance in reducing crashes and consequent injuries. In this article, we trace the origins of ADAS and overview the early technologies employed by the systems. We describe its evolution to the present day and anticipate future trends.
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Driving the Future: The Transformative Journey of IVN
An in-vehicle network (IVN) is an automotive data communications system used to interconnect electronic control units. The modern vehicle is a mobile digital communications platform. The vehicle’s IVN ensures reliable communication between the myriad electronic devices within it and the outside world.
As vehicle designs have evolved to include infotainment systems, vehicle-to-everything communication (V2X), and advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS), the volume of data that flows within the IVN has increased dramatically. ADAS systems use real-time uncompressed data and sensor fusion, combining data from multiple sensors to create an accurate view of what surrounds the car.
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Ethernet evolution: The rise of SPE and TSN in automotive
As automotive systems migrate from distributed to domain and zonal architectures, single-pair Ethernet yields considerable advantages. Firstly, with its compact, lightweight and flexible cabling, SPE for zonal architectures helps reduce the vehicle's cabling weight, an essential aspect of electric vehicles. Secondly, with a multi-drop network architecture, SPE connects the growing number of vehicle systems, such as advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS).
SPE also significantly aids the unification of in-vehicle networking protocols by providing a single network protocol stack, reducing system complexity. Coupled with its ability to support TSN, SPE addresses the real-time needs of ADAS and other semi or fully autonomous vehicle networks.
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Improving Driver Safety: Automotive sensors sharpen up for safer driving
Opportunities for more and better automotive sensors continue to expand, as carmakers, legislators, and car buyers all seek further improvement in aspects such as reliability and safety. The number of sensors fitted to an average car is set to exceed 100 devices; as we move into the era of connected cars, the depth and diversity of information captured will continue to increase. By 2025 the number of sensors used in a car is supposed to double.
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AIS3624DQ
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The General Safety Regulation - The driving force behind vehicle autonomy?
On 5 January 2020, Regulation (EU) 2019/2144 on type-approval requirements for motor vehicles and their trailers, and systems, components, and separate technical units intended for such vehicles, as regards their general safety and the protection of vehicle occupants and vulnerable road users (General Safety Regulation - GSR) entered into force. On 6 July 2022, the Regulation became mandatory in all EU Member States. - Federal Ministry for Digital and Transport, Germany
What is the aim of the regulation?
The main objective of the regulation is to reduce the number of persons injured or killed by making it mandatory for manufacturers to fit specific vehicle safety systems.
Key dates and what they mean
There are four key dates for manufacturers, outlined in the table below:
| Time stage | A | B | C | D |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
All new vehicle types |
- |
6th July 2022 |
7th July 2024 |
7th July 2026 |
|
All vehicles registered for the first time |
6th July 2022 |
7th July 2024 |
7th July 2026 |
7th January 2029 |
- Time stage B
- Systems will have to brake automatically when they detect a potential forward collision
- Systems will have to warn the driver when a lane departure is about to occur and intervene if a lane departure does occur
- All vehicles will have to be equipped with a system to aid the driver in complying with statutory speed limits
- All vehicles need to be equipped with systems that help the driver continue to pay attention to traffic and warn when they are distracted
- Reversing detection systems must be present
- Turn assist systems and collision warning systems must be fitted
- Event data recorders must be fitted to light commercial vehicles
- Passenger cars, buses, coaches, and commercial vehicles will have to be equipped with an emergency stop signal
- All vehicles including trailers will need to be equipped with accurate tyre pressure systems
- Time stage C
- Passenger cars and light commercial vehicles will have to be designed and constructed to provide for an enlarged head impact protection zone with the aim of enhancing the protection of road users (for instance pedestrians, pedal cyclists, and motorcyclists) and mitigating their potential injuries in the event of a collision
- Vehicles with hydraulic power-assisted steering will also need to be equipped with emergency lane-keeping systems
- In all vehicles, emergency braking systems will also need to be able to detect pedestrians and cyclists and independently activate the system
- Time stage D
- Buses, coaches and heavy-duty vehicles will also need to be fitted with event data recorders
- Requirements to be introduced to improve the direct vision of drivers of buses, coaches and heavy-duty vehicles
A list of new safety measures
- Advanced emergency braking systems for passenger cars and light commercial vehicles
- Emergency lane-keeping systems
- Intelligent speed assistance
- Drowsiness and attention warning system
- Event data recorders
- Emergency stop signal
- Tyre pressure monitoring systems
- Enlarged head impact protection zones
- Improving direct vision for drivers of heavy-duty vehicles
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